Outlines of the Mongolian supremacy in Azerbaijan and the South Caucasus

Abstract

The Mongolian conquest has changed abruptly the historical evolution of the peoples of Azerbaijan and the South Caucasus. The political, economic, ethnic and cultural consequences of Mongolian supremacy in the region were so significant that they were felt for several centuries. So, the traditions of the Ilkhanid Empire, established by the Mongols with the center in Azerbaijan in 1256, largely determined the appearance of the entire Middle Eastern region in the 13th and 14th centuries and in the subsequent period. This time also marked the resurgence of political and trade ties between the Middle East and Far East along the ancient Silk Road, which gave a powerful impetus to the cultural exchange between the peoples of the two regions. It is quite natural that many elements of Chinese, Mongolian and Uighur cultures penetrated in this and subsequent periods into the culture of Azerbaijani Turks, Armenians and Georgians.