Naxçıvan bölgəsinin iki şəhəri Aşşur mətnlərində

Abstract

At the end of the XII century BC on the territory of Sharur (Nakhchivan region) there was a political entity that was part of the anti-Assyrian military coalition. In the Assyrian cuneiform texts, this political entity was called “Shururia”, which is the original form of the modern name “Sharur”. In the IX century BC. Shururia, like other members of this confederation known as the "Nairian countries", paid tribute to the Assyrians, usually with cattle. This is evidenced by an economic text (time of Tukulti-Ninurta II: 891-884 BC) from the Museum of the Middle East in Berlin. This document also mentions the toponym Kilani (Kirini in the annals of Tiglatpileser I), which is apparently the original form of the name of the medieval city of Kilan (or Kiran) in the Ordubad region of Nakhchivan. The economic text reports on the delivery to the Assyrian province of Katmukhi (north of the mountains Tur-Abdin in Anatolia) from Shururia 23, from Kilani 38 heads of bulls. From the cultural layers of the 9th-5th centuries BC at the Munjuklu necropolis near Kharabagilan (the modern name of the ruins of the city of Kilan), cornelian beads, fragments of ceramics, a dagger, arrowheads, a cylindrical seal, etc. were found.In Sharur itself, the early city culture flourished at that time, the center of which was in the Oghlankala fortress. During excavations there were found fragments of ceramic vessels with cuneiform signs, one of which seems to indicate the city itself.