http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12323/4189 Mon, 06 Apr 2026 21:18:46 GMT 2026-04-06T21:18:46Z http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12323/4198 Title: Knowledge, Attitudes and Perceptions (KAP) on Point of Sale (PoS) Advertising and Promotion of Tobacco Bans Among Parents A Cross-Sectional Study in Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan Authors: Nurmasheva, Arailym Abstract: In Kazakhstan in 2004, the percent out of all deaths that were due to smoking was 24%, twice the worldwide percent (12.0%) and about 50% higher than the percentages in the Russian Federation and Eurasia as a whole (both 16%). Based on the Global Youth Tobacco Survey (GYTS) among those who visited a point of sale (where products are purchased) in the past 30 days, overall 13.6% (14.3%=boys, 13.0%=girls) noticed tobacco advertisements or promotions. Studies have shown that exposure to Point of Sale (PoS) advertising and promotion of tobacco products is associated with increased youth smoking initiation. Nonetheless, to the best of our knowledge, there are no studies that examine the perceptions and attitudes of the parents of these youth towards PoS Tobacco Advertising Promotion and Sponsorship (TAPS) ban. The study objectives include: (1) determining parents’ perceptions of PoS advertising and promotion of tobacco bans; (2) assessing parents’ and experts’ knowledge on PoS TAPS ban definitions and regulations. Tue, 01 Jan 2019 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12323/4198 2019-01-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12323/4197 Title: Diurnal Temperature-Related Dynamics of Glutathione Reductase Activity in Wheat Genotypes Under Drought Authors: Aydinli, Lale; Aliyeva, Durna Abstract: The strategically important wheat plant is the most cultivated of cereals. Drought is one of the main factors adversely affecting its productivity and quality of grain. Components of the ascorbate-glutathione cycle play an important role in the antioxidant defence system. The diurnal dynamics of temperature-related glutathione reductase activity (GR), one of the main components of the antioxidant defence system, were studied in durum (Barakatli 95, Garagylchyg 2) and bread (Gobustan, Tale 38) wheat genotypes of contrasting tolerance, when exposed to sustained soil drought. Glutathione reductase is highly sensitive to glutathione. Leaf samples were taken at the end of the wax ripening phase at three-hourly intervals (800, 1100, 1400, 1700), frozen in liquid N2, and kept at -800C. The experiments indicated that GR activity increased in stressed, tolerant, (Barakatli 95, Gobustan) and decreased in stressed sensitive varieties (Garagylchyg 2, Tale 38) compared with watered variants. In the samples taken at 1100, enzyme activity increased in all the genotypes, compared with the control. However, in the Gobustan genotype the activity of the enzyme remained almost constant. At the highest temperatures (1400) GR activity decreased by almost 50% both in durum and bread wheat varieties compared with the control. At 1700 GR activity increased in durum wheat genotypes and remained at a low level in bread wheat genotypes. Thus, durum wheat genotypes have a stronger defence system against unfavourable environmental conditions compared with bread wheat genotypes. Tue, 01 Jan 2019 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12323/4197 2019-01-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12323/4196 Title: Sensitivity of Primary Tripsinized Cell Systems EYQ and FEC to the Fowl Pox Virus Authors: Yusifova, Kubra Abstract: Viral diseases like fowl pox create serious problems for industrial poultry. Fowl pox is a disease found in poultry worldwide and is caused by viruses of the family Poxviridae and the genus Avipoxvirus. The viruses causing fowl pox are distinct from each other but are antigenically similar. Possible hosts include chickens, turkeys, quail, canaries, pigeons and many other species of birds. It is known that the cultivation of a fowl pox virus in chicken embryo cell cultures is common practice for vaccine production. Many scientists use different local strains of fowl pox virus in attempts to improve the cultural vaccine against chicken fowl pox. The work described below demonstrates the possibility of cultivating and grouting a "Baku" strain of fowl pox virus in a primary cell culture of Japanese quail embryos. It was discovered that the "Baku" bird strain of fowl pox virus has adapted to both cell systems. An increase in the titer of fowl pox virus was observed in both Japanese quail embryo cell culture and in that of chicken fibroblast embryos. It was found that the culture of Japanese quail embryo cells is a more effective tissue culture for vaccine production than chicken embryo cell culture because of its simplicity, economy, absence of extraneous contaminants and its stable biological properties. It was established that a cell culture of Japanese quail embryos is a promising basis for the creation of highly immunogenic specific prophylaxis against avian fowl pox. Tue, 01 Jan 2019 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12323/4196 2019-01-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12323/4195 Title: The Dynamics of Some Carbon and Nitrogen Metabolism Enzymes in Daytime in Various Wheat Genotypes during Drought Authors: Gurbanova, Ulduza; Bayramov, Shahniyar; Huseynova, Irada Abstract: PEPC plays a pivotal role in various metabolic processes in C3 plants including by providing intermediates for the Krebs cycle, maintaining intracellular pH and osmotic pressure, regulating the movement of stomatal guard cells, refixing CO2 formed by respiration, forming a carbon skeleton for lipid synthesis during grain development and nitrogen assimilation. Aspartate aminotransferase is essential to primary nitrogen assimilation, the transportation of reducing equivalents and the exchange of carbon and nitrogen resources among cellular subcompartments. Durum (Barakatli 95 and Garagylchyg 2) and bread wheat genotypes (Gobustan and Tale 38) cultivated in the experimental field of the Research Institute of Crop Husbandry were used as study materials. The high level of activity of PEPC and NAD-MDH during morning hours and a positive correlation between them in daytime suggest that, functioning mutually, these enzymes participate in the biosynthesis of malic acid. Tue, 01 Jan 2019 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12323/4195 2019-01-01T00:00:00Z